La percepción del tiempo: una revisión desde la Neurociencia Cognitiva <BR>Time perception: A review from Cognitive Neuroscience

Abstract

We present a review on the cognitive processes, structures and cerebral mechanisms underlying temporal processing, with special attention being paid to tasks involving temporal estimation of intervals of several hundreds of milliseconds. The main findings in Cognitive Neuroscience regarding time reveal the existence of brain systems specialized for timing tasks. Specifically, time perception involves subcortical structures such as the cerebellum and basal ganglia, which function is automatic timing. They are connected to cortical areas such as prefrontal and parietal cortex, thus carrying out controlled processes such as the accumulation and storage of temporal pulses generated by the internal clock. Finally, perception of time is related to another main cognitive process such as attention, emphasising the attentional mechanism of temporal orienting, which allows the anticipation and preparation to the future occurrence of relevant events.