La moxifloxacina como coadyuvante en el tratamiento de las periodontitis

Abstract

Periodontal disease results from infection by specific subgingival bacterial complexes organized in a biofilm. Biofilm protects bacteria and other microbial pathogens from host immune system defenses and from natural and artificial antibiotics. Patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis from Central and South American countries have similar microbiological profiles. In both entities, the most frequent periodontopathogens associated with periodontal disease in Latin American patients are Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Tannerella forsythia, Eikenella corrodens and gram negative enteric rods. Supplemental antibiotics to the mechanical periodontal treatment are prescribed to reduce periodontopathic bacteria in the subgingival environment. Nonetheless, some bacterial species have developed antibiotic resistance due to their indiscriminate prescription in Latin America. Quinolones represent a new alternative in periodontal therapy, due to their activity against periodontopathogens and gram negative enteric rods, to reduced bacterial resistance, high tissue penetration, and good absorption. The aim of this review is to present an update on the use of antimicrobials as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of periodontitis, focusing on the potential therapeutic use of moxifloxacin.