Abstract
Summary Plasma cell leukemia is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by malignant proliferation of plasma cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood. It is primitive (in 60% of cases) or secondary complicating of multiple myeloma. In this context, we report a case diagnosed in Farhat-Hached Hospital in Sousse (Tunisia) of multiple myeloma transformed into plasma cell leukemia with an extra-osseous location. Leukemic transformation of multiple myeloma is rare and should be sought since it changes the prognosis of the disease. On the occasion of this observation, we emphasize the importance of careful cytological smear of blood for patients with multiple myeloma during the monitoring of chemotherapy.
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