Abstract

Jean-Michel Servet : The barter myth. Before Smith, Beccaria and Turgot developed the myth of barter in the mid-18th Century, money was considered as a vital element of the social and royal order, like blood in the human body. The myth of barter demonstrates, firstly, that the original counting units of the value of goods were not introduced by the prince, but were natural units in terms of utility of labour. In addition, without the existence of money as a means of payment decreed by the prince, certain forms of the division of labour can develop. Thus, as economics was emerging as an autonomous social science, the myth of barter was an important innovation.

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