La-Doped Ultrahigh-Nickel Layered Oxide Cathode with Enhanced Cycle Stability for Li-Ion Batteries.

Abstract

Currently, ultrahigh-nickel layered oxide is one of the most promising cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, with the advantages of high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, some problems in ultrahigh-nickel layered oxides are more serious, such as irreversible structural transformation, particle cracking, and side reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface, resulting in the fast decay of the discharge capacity and midpoint potential. In this work, La doping is introduced into ultrahigh-nickel layered LiNi0.9Co0.1O2 oxide to improve the cycle stability on both discharge capacity and midpoint potential. As demonstrated, La can be doped successfully into the subsurface of LiNi0.9Co0.1O2 oxide, and the morphology of the oxide microspheres is not changed obviously by La doping. Compared with the pristine sample, the La-doped sample presents improved electrochemical performance, especially good cycle stabilization on both discharge capacity and midpoint potential. In addition, after a long-term cycle, the La-doped sample still maintains a relatively complete spherical morphology. It means that the pillaring effect of La with a large radius is helpful in accommodating the volume change caused by the insertion/extraction of Li ions, thus easing the anisotropic stress accumulation and microcrack growth inside the microspheres of the La-doped sample.