La dissection en kinésithérapie : le lien entre l’anatomie iconographique et le mouvement

Abstract

Dissection is at the origin of knowledge of the organs of the human body. It requires specific places and conditions, which are incompatible with the pedagogical principles essential to initial discovery. Anatomy makes up for this by dematerializing the analytical presentation of organs through text and drawing. These standardized presentations have become the sole source of knowledge for most professionals. Their pedagogical objective is to focus on the characteristics deemed necessary and sufficient to gain knowledge of the isolated organ. They are readily available, and feature caricatures or diagrams to reinforce the illusion of concrete reality. The graphic assembly of bone parts is the basis of the proposed reconstruction. It reverses the order of appearance of anatomical parts during dissection. Physiological knowledge studies the functioning of the organs revealed by dissection, according to analytical principles. These conditions of acquisition of anatomical and physiological knowledge are satisfactory for illustrating, in functional anatomy or biomechanics, the caricatured principles of the functioning of this intellectually reconstructed anatomy. The physiotherapist's view, focused on putting anatomical elements into motion, differs from that of the surgeon, for whom structural norms take precedence. Real knowledge of human movement, which forms the basis of rehabilitation practice, requires the inclusion in the reconstruction of gliding planes that can only be perceived through dissection. Knowledge of the actual course of movement requires mechanical knowledge of these interstitial tissues, which is currently inaccessible.