La dinámica del empresario en la sociedad. De la Escuela Austriaca a la economía social de mercado

Abstract

One of the great contributions to economic thought is that of central Europe from the Austrian School to the Freiburg School on the basis of which the Economic Order of a Social Market Economy is developed. Along this line of knowledge, it is characterised, in the first place, by the integration of the economy into society. That is, it develops the society dimension of the economy oriented towards the individual and is based on the Competency Principle. It is its great understanding of the economic reality and the role of the individual to that characterised in the search of freedom and responsibility for the «action» of the individual.It is the great contribution to an Order of Freedom in which the entrepreneur and “entrepreneurship” figures. It is the foundation of economic development, the Schumpeterian model: to which the Freiburg School contributes with the design of the Socio-Economic Order that sets out the action of the individual in the “values system”. This Economic Order defines, based on Principles and Rules, the development of the economic Organisation in Society. Walter Eucken promotes this conceptualisation of Economic Order as the common reference for the activity of the individual. The entrepreneur plays a decisive role, in the society dimension, in order to ensure that the dynamics of a market economy “functions well”, who makes it feasible and ensures economic efficiency on the one hand, and social equilibrium, on the other. A Social Market Economy is a social “values system” that integrates the “ends” of the economy in Society and the integral development of the individual by the efficient use of scarce resources. Economic Efficiency and Social Equilibrium ensures an order of freedoms in which the entrepreneur may develop if he contributes with his competence, and the Principal of Subsidiarity, in his development.