Abstract
This paper studies the 1853 Sociétés de crédit mutuel (SCM) scheme which was proposed to Napoléon III by the Pereire brothers, two Saint- Simonian bankers. This mutual bank scheme put a reform of the banking system forward. The Pereire brothers aimed at implementing the Saint- Simonian political programm : the emancipation of « labour » towards « capital ». The paper expounds the principles of the SCMs' neo-corporatism which both lies on the mutual benefit society (deriving from the collective and non hierarchical organisation of labour), and on banking practices (based on the accumulation of private informations against borrowers). Moreover, the paper tests the previous principles : it shows that the SCM subscribe to conditions which make them viable thanks to specific processes of asymmetric information. The paper concludes on the reasons which made this scheme not to be implemented. According to us, these are related to the very Saint-Simonian conception concerning the relationships between labour and capital.
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