Abstract
Aim of this essay is to analyse the pivotal moments and features of Fascist Italy’s policy toward Austria from Mussolini’s conquest of power in 1922 to the destruction of the independent Austrian State in 1938. By using and comparing Italian and Austrian diplomatic documents and memories we tried to clarify some of the most controversial aspects of Italian-Austrian relations in the Twenties and in the Thirties: from the nature of the cooperation among the Heimwehren, the Christian-Social Party and the Fascist regime, to Mussolini’s attitude toward Habsburg political restoration and Austro-German union, as well as to the interdependence between the Fascist policy towards the German speaking people in Alto Adige-South Tyrol and the course of Italian-Austrian and Italian-German relations
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