L’injection intravitreenne au CHU-IOTA a propos de 201 cas

Abstract

Intravitreal injections (IVT) of a drug aim to rapidly obtain effective concentrations greater than those that would be obtained by a periocular or intravenous injection. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the contribution of IVT in the treatment of pathologies of the posterior segment of the eye. We conducted a 21-month ambidirectional observational study from January 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021. We included by nonprobability sampling all consenting patients admitted for IVT at IOTA Teaching Hospital. During our study, 201 patients were collected out of 30739 patients seen in consultation. The hospital frequency of IVT was 0.65%. There were 111 women and 90 men. The M/F ratio was 0.82. The number of patients who received IVT antibiotics was 135. Anti-VEGF was injected in 64 patients. Two patients received IVT corticosteroids. Complications frequently encountered were pain at upon injection (94.03%), IOP spike (11.94%) and cataract (7.46%). In our sample, we observed an improvement in visual acuity in 56.21% of cases and a reduction in macular edema in 45.16% of cases. The contribution of IVT in the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases is extraordinary. Rigorous observation of aseptic technique and good practices protects against infectious complications. IVT has allowed us to effectively treat various diseases of the vitreous and retina. IVT is a simple procedure, but it must be performed with the same aseptic technique as surgical procedures.