L'exploitation des nodules polymétalliques : une convergence de difficultés

Abstract

The paper deals with the most important problems involved by the exploitation of polymetallic nodule pavements, mainly those located in the Hawaii-California area. For the last ten years, a large effort have been carried out to define a number of sites, and design or perfect the methods of prospecting, mining, and industrial treatment. Despite the technical and financial means engaged by five consortia including many international companies, we are uncertain about the possibility and necessity to exploiting the nodules. This situation is related to : (1) the still unsolved problems concerning the feasability and the rentability of the nodule mining systems ; (2) the abundance of more competing land exploitations; (3) the situation of the international non-ferrous metal market; (4) the uncertainty relative to the future international sea bed jurisdiction. However, a foreseeable increase of non-ferrous metal price, and the political risks, might encourage a few highly industrialised countries (U.S.A. above all) to exploit some nodule pavements in view to guarantee their strategic supplies.