Abstract
The spiders are chelicerates arthropods living in various biotopes on all continents. Their bites are very rarely fatal for humans. One can schematically describe a neurotoxic araneism, the most dangerous of which are the Australian mygales of the Atrax genus and the black or brown widows of the genus Latrodectus. The necrotic araneism is not rare, usually benign, but the cutaneous necrosis can be sometimes large et complicated with an acute febrile haemolytic icterus which can lead to the death when the responsible Loxosceles species belong to some north-american or south-american ones. Besides, the South-American tarantulas possess a thick felting of urticating setae which can provoke accidentally serious keratitis. The serotherapy is an efficient specific treatment of the neurotoxic araneisms, but the anti-latrodectes sera are no more available. The other types of araneisms, in particular the necrotic araneism, are symptomatically treated.
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