Abstract
The history of intestinal stoma surgery began in France in the 18th century. Initially the surgeons and the anatomists accumulated isolated personal experience and then they came to the realization of the possibility of exertion of feces bypassing the rectum. Creating an artificial anus as a treatment of various coloproctological diseases has been formed without ether anesthesia nor antiseptics. Despite this, many patients managed to prolonged or save their lives. French anatomist Alexis Littrè was the first who put forward two plans for dealing with rectal atresia. The first was to open the closed ends and stich them together; the second was to create an artificial anus. Another French surgeon Jean Mèry, probably for the first in the world formed a stoma in 1701. Jean Pillore performed the first elective colostomy (cecostoma) in 1776 on the patien with rectal cancer. In the 19th century, surgeons in Europe has been searching for the optimal surgery technique and tried to expand the indications for intestinal stomas.
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