Abstract
The two kaon factories, KOTO and NA62, are at the cutting edge of the intensity frontier, with an unprecedented numbers of long lived and charged Kaons, ∼ 1013, being measured and analyzed. These experiments have currently a unique opportunity to search for dark sectors. In this paper, we demonstrate that searches done at KOTO and NA62 are complementary, both probing uncharted territories. We consider two qualitatively different physics cases. In the first, we analyze models of axion-like-particles (ALP) which couple to gluons or electroweak gauge bosons. In the second, we introduce a model based on an approximate strange flavor symmetry that leads to a strong violation of the Grossman-Nir bound. For the first scenario, we design a new search strategy for the KOTO experiment, KL→ π0a → 4γ. Its expected sensitivity on the branching ratio is at the level of 10−9. This demonstrates the great potential of KOTO as a discovery machine. In addition, we revisit other bounds on ALPs from Kaon factories, highlighting the main sources of theoretical uncertainty, and collider experiments, and show new projections. For the second scenario, we show that the model may be compatible with the preliminary analysis of the KOTO-data that shows a hint for New Physics.
Highlights
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is a successful description of Nature, especially given the discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC [1, 2]
We show that the model may be compatible with the preliminary analysis of the KOTO-data that shows a hint for New Physics
Rare Kaon decay modes have been always considered among the few holy grails of flavor physics because of their rareness, and because of our ability to control them well theoretically
Summary
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is a successful description of Nature, especially given the discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC [1, 2]. The mass scale of the pNGB can be substantially lighter than the GeV scale, and its interaction strength with SM particles can be suppressed by a higher symmetry-breaking scale. This type of particle can be tested at high-intensity experiments, such as in rare meson decay measurements, at B-factories, beam-damp experiments, and neutrino experiments. We consider an ALP (a) with coupling to gluons or W bosons as a representative candidate of pNGB In this context, we propose a novel search for the KOTO experiment (section 4). Other explanations of this anomaly can be found in [6,7,8,9,10,11, 19,20,21,22,23,24]
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