Abstract
After Kosovo's Illyrian beginnings two millennia ago, history records an almost unbroken sequence of invasion, annexation, and subjugation. Roman legions conquered and colonised. Byzantine armies followed, finally defeated at Pantina in 1170 by the Serbs. The Serb occupation and settlement in the Middle Ages was thorough, creating a capital at Prizren and an Orthodox patriarchy at Peae. After the infamous Kosovo Polje battle (Gazimestan) in 1389, the defeated Serbs were pushed out and a five hundred year Ottoman domination commenced. With the Turks came Islam. And, when the disintegrating Ottoman Empire was expelled from Kosovo in the First Balkan War of the last century (1912), Serbs reasserted their control and held it until 1999. Such a cursory summary of Kosovar history does great injustice to the intellectual and cultural substance of Albanian Kosovo's society. Yet, without question, these geopolitical highlights evoke the suffering that one small territory and its inhabitants were forced to endure because of competing great powers and empires. As these forces' armies marched, Kosovo
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