Abstract
목간(木簡)은 생활기록과 행정문서들이 대부분이다. 생활기록은 내용이나 기록양식에 있어서 기념기록인 금석문과 달리 매우 다양하다. 다양한 기록문 화는 서체학에 있어서 뿐만 아니라 역사, 국어사, 서지학(문헌학) 등의 종합적인 연구자료를 제공한다. 목간 기록의 분류는 기록방법과 기록내용으로 분류할 수 있다. 기록방법은 표제, 편철, 도각, 낙인, 패찰 등의 기록방법이 있고, 기록내용은 논어, 게송, 기원, 증표, 습자, 재가, 수위, 처방, 인사추천, 서찰, 청원, 부기, 기사, 시가, 구구단, 보고서 등의 내용을 기록한 목간이다. 묵서인 고대목간의 자형은 예서나 팔분에서 해서로 발달하는 과정에 있다. 행정 관료에 의한 행정기록들에는 경생(經生)들에 의한 사경서법(寫經書法) 의 영향도 있고, 독자적인 서법의 경향도 있다. 목간을 통하여 이러한 독특한 서법들을 발견할 수 있다. 목간의 연구가 금석문의 연구와 다른 점이 바로 이런 점에 있다. 한국 고대 해서법은 6세기 생활기록인 행서나 초서를 먼저 선호 하여 사용된 후 해서의 필법이 갖추어졌다. 이 시기가 해서의 기본 필법이 갖추어지는 시기이다.Most of wooden tablets were used for recording everyday life and for administrative purpose. Unlike an epigraph, the records of daily life were various in the contents and the form. A variety of recording culture have been providing the comprehensive research materials in a variety of fields: calligraphy, Korean language history, bibliography and so on. Wooden tablets are classified into a recording method and a content. The recording methods are as in the following classification with : title, filing, carving, branding, labelling and etc. The contents recorded were as in the following : the Analects of Confucius, a praise for Buddha, praying, a certificate, a calligraphy, an approval, a prescription, a letter, an article, a poem, a multiplication table, a report and etc. The shape of character written in the ink in ancient wooden tablets was in the process from ”clerical script” and ”neo-clerical script” to ”regular script”. The administrative documents written by the officers were influenced by the transcription method of Buddhist scriptures(of young students) and a unique calligraphy method. These special calligraphies were found through studying the wooden tablets. It is clear that chronological calligraphy research brightens the prospects to study the calligraphy, finding trace of ink stick in the wooden tablets. That’s why the study of wooden tablets is different from of an epigraph. In ancient Korea, people had preferred and used “semi-cursive script” and “cursive script” in calligraphy, the “regular script” were used after that. In this period, the basic writing method of “regular script” were set.
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