Abstract
<p>Literacy is the soul of education In Hindu civilization. The Upanisad is an integral part of Vedic literature. It provides the basic concepts of education and literacy patterns. According to the Upanisad, education is about giving educated degrees to students and building excellent human character. Likewise, literacy is essential in Hindu Education. This article will explain the basic concepts of education and literacy patterns in the Upanisad, which are the basis for human resource development, as stated in ancient texts. This study uses Vedic hermeneutics to explain and construct the superiority of the concepts contained in the Upanishads.</p>
Highlights
Literacy is the soul of education In Hindu civilization
The Upanisad is an integral part of Vedic literature
It provides the basic concepts of education and literacy patterns
Summary
│ Ni Kadek Surpi, I Komang Dian Adi Purwadi integral dari Vedic Corpus, terlihat pada tabel berikut. Penggunaan Hermeneutika Weda telah dilakukan dari tahap pertama hingga tahap terakhir, yaitu menafsirkan teks Weda, yang dilakukan dengan memeriksa asal dan makna kata-kata dengan konteks Mantra Veda (Patton & Murty, 1997). Sebab hal ini berhubungan dengan semangat Pendidikan Hindu dalam Upaniṣad yang mengedepankan pembelajaran guna mencapai pencerahan. Dengan demikian siswa akan memiliki semangat yang tinggi untuk membaca dan mengikuti proses Pendidikan secara keseluruhan. Sistem pembelajaran dalam Upaniṣad menekankan pada tiga hal penting, yakni Shravana- learning by hearing, mendengarkan dari guru, kedua, Mañanathinking and reflection, memikirkan dan menganalisa, tahap ketiga Nidhidhysana, realization by meditation (Surpi et al, 2020). Bukan sekedar mampu memahami, mampu membaca tetapi tercapainya tujuan utama pembelajaran dalam upaniṣad yakni membangun karakter unggul manusia dengan ditandai pencapaian pencerahan tertinggi. Olehnya pada tahap akhir diperlukan Nidhidhysana yakni realisasi diri, pemahaman kedalam diri melalui samadhi
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