Abstract

ABSTRAK
 Kertas ini membincangkan konsep dan struktur persembahan ritual mamapak yang berkaitan secara langsung dengan Pesta Magahau etnik Rungus. Kehidupan harian etnik Rungus dahulu terikat dengan amalan kepercayaan tradisi, adat istiadat dan juga pantang larang yang telah diwarisi. Melaksanakan ritual mamapak sebelum mengadakan sebarang bentuk keramaian atau pesta adalah wajib dilakukan bagi tujuan keselamatan dan perlindungan mereka daripada gangguan kuasa-kuasa ghaib. Dengan demikian, perayaan hanya akan dijalankan setelah upacara ritual selesai dilaksanakan. Objektif kajian ini adalah menjelaskan konsep dan bentuk asal struktur persembahan ritual mamapak. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif yang melibatkan kaedah perpustakaan dan kerja lapangan seperti temu bual berfokus, pemerhatian dan rakaman audio visual. Hasil pemerhatian dan analisis mendapati bahawa faktor perkembangan dan penerimaan agama Kristian dalam kalangan etnik Rungus telah mengubah kepercayaan lama dan amalan tradisional sebelumnya. Seterusnya, mengadaptasi persembahan tradisi kepada bentuk yang relevan dan sejajar dengan kehidupan semasa etnik Rungus. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini dapat menerangkan konsep dan struktur persembahan ritual mamapak etnik Rungus, dan memastikan kelestarian warisan tradisi untuk tatapan generasi Rungus seterusnya.
 Kata Kunci: Ritual mamapak, struktur persembahan, Rungus, tradisional, Sabah
 
 ABSTRACT
 This paper discusses the concept and structure of the Mamapak ritual performance that is directly related to the Magahau festival of Rungus ethnicity. The daily life of the Rungus ethnic group used to be tied to the practice of traditional beliefs, customs and taboos that had been inherited. Performing the Mamapak ritual before holding any kind of gathering or party is mandatory for the purpose of their safety and protection from the interference of supernatural forces. Thus, the celebration will only be carried out after the ritual ceremony has been completed. The objective of this study is to explain the concept and original form of the Mamapak ritual presentation structure. This study uses a qualitative methodology involving library methods and field work such as focused interviews, observations and audio visual recordings. The results of observation and analysis found that factors of the development and acceptance of Christianity among the Rungus ethnic group have changed the old beliefs and previous traditional practices. Next, adapt the traditional performance to a form that is relevant and in line with the current life of the Rungus ethnic group. Accordingly, this study can explain the concept and structure of the Mamapak ritual performance of Rungus ethnicity, and ensure the sustainability of traditional heritage for the next generation of Rungus.
 Keywords: Mamapak ritual, performance structure, Rungus, traditional, Sabah

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