Abstract
Conformational Analysis of Free and Complexed Crown Ethers in SolutionThe conformational analysis of the crown ether family by means of n.m.r. spectroscopy is reviewed here. Conclusions about preferred conformations are drawn from dipolar (NOE) and scalar couplings (nJH,H),13C chemical shifts and their temperature dependences as well. Information about the flexibility are available from dynamic n.m.r. spectroscopy and the spin‐lattice relaxation times T1 Also conformational variations as result of the complexation of cations or other guest molecules, flexibility variations and the stoichiometry of the complexes obtained can be readily studied by the same n.m.r.‐parameters. Special remarks are referenced to the respective possibilities of CP‐MAS‐13C‐ n.m.r. spectroscopy in the solid state as well as other alternative methods of conformational analysis in solution as are dipole moment measurements and the RAMAN vibrational spectroscopy. The conformational peculiarities of the crown ether family are summarized.
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