Koncept “Jedno zdravlje” u prevenciji pojave ostataka β-laktamskih antibiotika u mlijeku i okolišu

Abstract

The One Health concept emerged with the aim of balancing the lives of humans, animals, and plants on Earth, while also preserving theenvironment. Its aim is to improve overall living conditions on Earth and one of these issues is the overuse of antibiotics for therapeutic purposes and the use of antibiotics to promote livestock breeding on farms, which has led to a rapid spread of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms. Additionally, residual antibiotics are found in food of animal origin, and in the environment where they pollute soil and water. The most widely used group of antimicrobial agents are the β-lactam antibiotics. Due to their powerful antimicrobial effect and low toxicity, they are used to treat bacterial infections in both human and animal medicine. β-lactam antibiotics are major antibiotics used for treating mastitis, the most common infection occurring in milk-producing cows. Across EU Member States, testing and identifying the residues of β-lactam antibiotics in milk samples is included in national antibiotic residue monitoring plans for food of animal origin. The development of sophisticated methods with high sensitivity and precision, based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, enables the simultaneous control of different antibiotic classes for the official control of residues in foods of animal origin. According to the literature, β-lactam antibiotics are frequently detected antibiotic residues in EU Member States, with penicillin G as the most common compound.