Komentář Eusebia z Kaisareie k níkajskému vyznání víry. Rozbor Eusebiova Dopisu Kaisarejským

Abstract

The article contains a Czech translation of the Letter to the Diocese in Caesarea (Epistula ad Caesarienses) written by Eusebius of Caesarea in 325 from Nicaea, after the Nicene Creed was adopted by the council. It consequently focuses on Eusebius' comments on the Nicene Creed, in which Eusebius draws attention to the new terminology of the Nicene Creed and attempts to expound it within his own theological position. Two of these new terms, the expressions from the substance of the Father and homousios with the Father, would seem to be particularly puzzling. Eusebius provides explanations in the letter of the two expressions at the expense of reduction or rejection of their usia part. From the substance of the Father is a phrase which according to Eusebius means nothing more than that the Son is from the Father. The uniqueness of the Son's birth before all ages is expressed by Eusebius with additional terms. Homousios is expounded as a word implying the most exact likeness between the Son and the Father. This is the usual way used by Eusebius to explain the quality of the relationship between the Father and the Son in his other writings. For Eusebius the Nicene Creed is an anti-Arian creed including those terms for which satisfactory explanations cannot be found in his own teachings (which remained unchanged both during and after the Council of Nicaea), nor in the teachings of other participants in the council (or at least Eusebius does not suggest this in his letter).