Knowledge of Nurses Regarding Palliative Care in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Palliative care represents a crucial element in enhancing the quality of life for patients facing life-limiting illnesses. Despite its importance, there exists a significant gap in knowledge among nurses, who are pivotal in delivering this care. The literature reveals diverse levels of understanding and practices across different healthcare settings globally, underscoring the need for focused research and educational interventions in specific regions, including Pakistan. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of nurses regarding palliative care in tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan, identifying key areas for improvement and contributing to the global discourse on enhancing palliative care education and practices among nursing professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, with a sample size of 377 nurses selected through convenient sampling from August to November 2023. The Palliative Care Quiz for Nurses (PCQN) was utilized to assess knowledge across three domains: philosophy and principles, control of pain and other symptoms, and psychosocial aspects. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to examine the association between demographic variables and knowledge levels. Results: The study found that 61.3% of participants were female, with the majority (81.5%) born between 1991 and 2000. Regarding educational background, 53.3% were Post RN nurses, 45.6% BSN Graduate Nurses, and 1.1% MSN Graduate Nurses. The PCQN results indicated that 31.8% of nurses demonstrated good knowledge of palliative care, while 37.7% exhibited a lack of knowledge. Notably, post RN nurses showed higher knowledge levels compared to their BSN and MSN counterparts. Conclusion: The findings highlight a substantial need for targeted palliative care education and training among nurses in Peshawar, Pakistan. Tailored educational programs, continuous professional development, and specific interventions are essential to bridge the identified knowledge gaps, ensuring that nurses are equipped to provide high-quality palliative care.