Knowledge of marine fish trematodes of Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.

Rodney A Bray,Pablo E Diaz,Thomas H Cribb

doi:10.1007/s11230-016-9629-9

Rodney A Bray, Pablo E Diaz + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-016-9629-9

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Abstract

A brief summary of the early history of the study of Atlantic Ocean marine fish digeneans is followed by a discussion of the occurrence and distribution of these worms in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent Eastern Pacific Ocean, using the Provinces of the ‘Marine Ecoregions’ delimited by Spalding et al. (Bioscience 57:573–583, 2007). The discussion is based on a database of 9,880 records of 1,274 species in 430 genera and 45 families. 8,633 of these records are from the Atlantic Ocean, including 1,125 species in 384 genera and 45 families. About 1,000 species are endemic to the Atlantic Ocean Basin. The most species-rich families in the Atlantic Ocean are the Opecoelidae Ozaki, 1925, Hemiuridae Looss, 1899 and Bucephalidae Poche, 1907, and the most wide-spread the Opecoelidae, Hemiuridae, Acanthocolpidae Lühe, 1906, Lepocreadiidae Odhner, 1905 and Lecithasteridae Odhner, 1905. A total of 109 species are shared by the Atlantic Ocean and the Eastern Pacific, made up of cosmopolitan, circum-boreal, trans-Panama Isthmus and Magellanic species. The lack of genetic evaluation of identifications is emphasised and the scope for much more work is stressed.

Highlights

The study of the marine trematode fauna of the world can be said to have started in the Atlantic Ocean basin, the earliest recognisable post-Linnaean name to be coined for a marine digenean is probably Fasciola ventricosa Pallas 1774, recognised as Hirudinella ventricosa (Pallas, 1774) Baird, 1853, a large stomach parasite of large scombrid fishes originally reported from Ambon Island, Indonesia but reported worldwide (Pallas, 1774; Gibson, 1976)
The following data relating to the 17 regions of the Atlantic Ocean have been collated, along with the five Eastern Pacific regions: the number of species, genera and families in each region, the number of lines in the database per species, genus and family
Our data suggest 1,125 species in 384 genera and 45 families are reported in marine fishes of the Atlantic

Summary

Introduction

The study of the marine trematode fauna of the world can be said to have started in the Atlantic Ocean basin, the earliest recognisable post-Linnaean name to be coined for a marine digenean is probably Fasciola ventricosa Pallas 1774, recognised as Hirudinella ventricosa (Pallas, 1774) Baird, 1853, a large stomach parasite of large scombrid fishes originally reported from Ambon Island, Indonesia but reported worldwide (Pallas, 1774; Gibson, 1976). Carl Rudolphi in the early 19th Century made important early contributions, describing many worms from the Mediterranean Sea which are still recognised. In the open Atlantic Ocean, Felix Dujardin (1845) described several species, such as those recognised as Cainocreadium labracis (Dujardin, 1845) Nicoll, 1909, Macvicaria soleae (Dujardin, 1845) Gibson & Bray, 1982 and Podocotyle angulata Dujardin, 1845 off the Brittany coast, France. Other early workers in the north-eastern Atlantic include Thomas Spencer Cobbold (1858) who described the worm recognised as Lepidapedon rachion (Cobbold, 1858) Stafford, 1904, presumably from a haddock apparently examined at Edinburgh, Scotland. Edouard van Beneden illustrated some worms from the Belgian coast (e.g. van Beneden, 1871) including those recognised as Steringotrema pagelli (van Beneden, 1871) Odhner, 1911 and Otodistomum cestoides (van Beneden, 1871) Stafford, 1904

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