Abstract
This contribution addresses the complex patterns characterizing the pharmaceuticalindustry due to a single technological breakthrough: the discovery of recombinantDNA techniques in 1973. Moreover, the consequent development of biotechnologyhas become more and more pervasive within the pharmaceutical sector. The paperexamines the empirical evidence and depicts the major stylized facts that characterizethe articulation between biotech and the pharma industries, insisting on the existenceof a two-stage process in that pervasive character of biotechnology in the pharmaceuticalindustry. The core of the argument is that the two major periods identified fromempirical evidence can be described through the use of analyses based on the workof Penrose and Richardson, respectively. If the first period is mainly characterizedby new entrants competing with incumbents on well-established products (theinterstice argument), the second period shows a more complex landscape that requiresa better analysis of the nature of the activities developed as well as of their possibleinteractions, complementary and/or substitutive effects in order to highlight thedynamics of the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.
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