Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Garowe, Puntland, Somalia

Abstract

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is a cornerstone of infant health and development, reducing mortality and improving long-term outcomes. In Garowe, Puntland, Somalia, where sociocultural norms and limited resources intersect, understanding mothers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward exclusive breastfeeding is imperative. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated these aspects to inform tailored interventions that promote positive breastfeeding practices. Using a multistage cluster sampling technique, 366 mothers who have given birth within the past two years were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The research analyzed demographic characteristics, breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Preliminary results revealed positive attitudes towards breastfeeding, with mothers recognizing its significance for infant nutrition and emotional bonding. However, challenges persist, including concerns about disease transmission and societal perceptions. Sociocultural dynamics play a pivotal role, and family support is an important factor in mothers’ decisions. This study contributes to understanding exclusive breastfeeding practices in Garowe and provides insights for future interventions. Conclusions: Recommendations include tailored education, involving family and community members, and addressing misconceptions. The study underscores the importance of context-specific strategies to promote exclusive breastfeeding, ultimately improving the region’s maternal and child health outcomes.