Abstract
Background: Our understanding about knowledge, attitudes and perceptions (KAP) of immigrants regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is poor. We present the first systematic review on KAP of immigrant parents towards HPV vaccine offered to their children. Methods: Major bio-medical databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus and PsycINFO) were searched using a combination of keyword and database-specific terms. Following identification of studies, data were extracted, checked for accuracy, and synthesised. Quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment tool. Results: A total of 311 titles were screened against eligibility criteria; after excluding 292 titles/full texts, 19 studies were included. The included studies contained data on 2206 adults. Participants’ knowledge was explored in 16 studies and ranged from none to limited knowledge. Attitudes about HPV vaccination were assessed in 13 studies and were mixed: four reported negative attitudes fearing it would encourage sexual activity; however, this attitude often changed once parents were given vaccine information. Perceptions were reported in 10 studies; most had misconceptions and concerns regarding HPV vaccination mostly influenced by cultural values. Conclusion: The knowledge of HPV-related diseases and its vaccine among immigrant parents in this study was generally low and often had negative attitude or perception. A well-designed HPV vaccine health educational program on safety and efficacy of HPV vaccination targeting immigrant parents is recommended.
Highlights
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted disease and both women and men are rapidly exposed to it after the onset of sexual intercourse [1,2]
Thirteen immigrant parents had not heard about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
One third of participants had never heard of HPV or HPV vaccine and had low knowledge
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted disease and both women and men are rapidly exposed to it after the onset of sexual intercourse [1,2]. In developed countries nearly half of the cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in women aged less than 50 years old [6,7]. Cervical cancer is increasing in developing countries where nationwide cervical cancer screening is currently unavailable. It is the second most common cancer in countries with a lower human development index ranking and is the most common cancer in about 28 countries [6,8]. Attitudes and perceptions (KAP) of immigrants regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is poor. Conclusion: The knowledge of HPV-related diseases and its vaccine among immigrant parents in this study was generally low and often had negative attitude or perception. A well-designed HPV vaccine health educational program on safety and efficacy of HPV vaccination targeting immigrant parents is recommended
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