Knowledge, Attitude and Self-efficacy Towards Blood Donation Among University Students: An Online Intervention Study

Abstract

Long-term shortages in the blood supply perpetuate increased morbidity and mortality from treatable diseases. However, how much people are motivated to donate blood was less studied, especially among university students. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of online intervention for knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy towards blood donation among undergraduate university students. A pre-and post-test study was conducted among undergraduate students. Four hundred students were invited to the study. Knowledge, positive and negative attitudes, and self-efficacy towards blood donation were measured using a structured questionnaire. Two digital infographics for blood donation and one 10-minute video were used as intervention materials. Following the intervention, statistical and practical significance was reported. Multivariate analysis was done to determine the differences in invention effect across age, gender, and study discipline. Following the intervention, 29.1% and 5.1% increased knowledge and self-efficacy from the base, respectively. The positive attitude towards blood donation increased by 2.8%, while the negative attitude decreased by 2.1%. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that online health education on blood donation is effective irrespective of age, gender, and discipline of study. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the intervention was integrated into a remote health intervention model based on the internet or mobile communication network. This study has provided a scientific conclusion on whether the intervention could motivate people to donate blood.