Knowledge, attitude and practices towards COVID-19 among Indian residents during the pandemic: A cross-sectional online survey

Abstract

Background and Aims: Infection prevention and control measures were enforced to contain COVID-19 pandemic. Public adherence to these measures profoundly influences transmission dynamics. The study aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 among Indian residents.Methods: An online semi-structured questionnaire was developed using Google Forms. Total 751 respondents were recruited for the survey based on snowball sampling technique. Survey constituted sequential questions on socio-demographic variables and KAP with a total score of 22. Mean knowledge score was compared among different groups. Regression analyses were used to determine association between various factors and KAP.Results: Participation was almost equal in both genders with mean age of 27.3 ± 9.5 years. The accuracy rate for responses was 74%. 87.2%, 84.42% and 90.5% participants agreed for adequate control, win against COVID-19 and lockdown being an effective containment method respectively. Though 97.6% respondents agreed about frequent hand washing, only 77.87% confirmed about washing hands ≥20 secs. The adherence to social distancing and lockdown restrictions was confirmed by 97.3% and 97.3%, respectively. 13.18% respondents agreed for Hydroxychloroquine purchase. Higher knowledge score was positively associated with Healthcare workers, upper socio-economic class and adherence to appropriate preventive practices.Conclusion: Knowledge score had significant association with optimism and adherence. Accuracy rate of 74% reflected inadequate awareness. Around 75% followed hand hygiene guidelines and few (5%) didn't follow lockdown restrictions suggesting gap between information and implementation. For effective containment of the pandemic and adequate protection of our health care system, existing barriers need to be addressed by promoting behavioural changes.