Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Hepatitis B among population of Sector O-9 Islamabad, A descriptive Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B (HBV) remains a significant public health challenge globally, with varying prevalence and awareness levels across different regions. Understanding the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) regarding HBV among different populations is crucial for effective public health interventions. Objective: This study aimed to assess the KAP regarding HBV among residents of Sector O-9, Islamabad, and to identify areas for potential health education and intervention. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted involving 372 participants from Sector O-9, Islamabad. Data were collected using a prevalidated questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, and KAP related to HBV. The response rate was 87.94%. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and chi-square tests using SPSS software. Results: The majority of participants (73%) were aware of HBV, but specific knowledge gaps were evident, with 58% not recognizing HBV as a viral disease. Attitudinally, over 80% did not perceive themselves at risk for HBV. Regarding practices, while a high insistence on new blades for shaving was noted (100%), vaccination rates were low (26.4%), and consistent use of new syringes was reported by only 56.4%. The primary source of HBV information was through media and family/friends. Conclusion: The study revealed a reasonable level of general awareness about HBV among participants. However, specific knowledge gaps, low vaccination rates, and inconsistent preventive practices indicate the need for targeted health education and improved healthcare services. Public health interventions should focus on filling these gaps to enhance overall HBV management and control.