Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational booklet on the knowledge, attitude and practice of a healthy lifestyle in people with HIV. Randomized clinical trial with 75 intervention group patients using the booklet, and 75 control group patients undergoing usual service care. Data collection occurred in four moments, with a Survey pertaining Knowledge, Attitude and Practice. Nonparametric analysis of variance of repeated measures was used. 70 participants in the intervention group and 74 in the control group completed the study. In terms of knowledge, there was no difference between groups, the booklet impact came late, increasing after reassessments. In attitudes, there was a difference between groups in the two- and four-month reassessments compared to the baseline. In practices, there was a difference in the intervention group compared to the control group at two, four, and six months compared to baseline. The booklet was effective in improving healthy lifestyle knowledge, attitudes, and practices in people with HIV.
Highlights
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased the life expectancy of people with HIV, and the infection that was once fatal has become a chronic health condition[1]
People living with HIV (PLHIV) have become more susceptible to chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCD), as studies show an increased frequency of comorbidities compared to the general population[2-4]
It is known that lifestyle plays an important role in the development of CNCD, and research shows that people living with HIV (PLHIV) generally have a less healthy lifestyle, [3,6] with habits that negatively affect their quality of life[7]
Summary
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased the life expectancy of people with HIV, and the infection that was once fatal has become a chronic health condition[1]. It is assumed that increasing knowledge about a healthy lifestyle encourages the modification of inappropriate behaviors and intensifies preventive measures, while interventions that increase motivation are essential for changes in attitude and practice[13]. In this context, educational technologies have been built, evaluated, and used by health professionals to provide continued care for patients[14-15]. Despite the variety of educational materials available, this study is justified by the need to evaluate an educational technology for adults with HIV It is based on providing health information to empower and strengthen autonomy and responsibility to achieve a healthier lifestyle. As an innovation, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a material aimed exclusively at adults with HIV, on relevant topics about body weight control, healthy eating, physical exercise, smoking, alcohol and other drugs, stress control, and drug therapy
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