Knowledge and Use of Folic Acid Among Hispanic Women Visiting University of Puerto Rico Prenatal Clinics [31J

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are mostly caused by a deficiency of folic acid (FA). Although supplementation is recommended for all reproductive-aged women, the incidence of NTD in Puerto Rico has not significantly decreased. In this study, we aim to identify the level of awareness regarding the time to begin FA supplementation and the recommended preconceptional dosage. We also aim to correlate the source of education with the knowledge patients have about the benefits of FA. METHODS: This is a descriptive study from August 2015 to November 2015 at the Adults University Hospital High Risk Prenatal Care Clinics. A self-administered questionnaire was assessed and analyzed with Epi Info 7. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients were recruited. An 87% of participants were Puerto Rican, most had a high school education and low income status. A 66.5% of participants were taking FA at the time of the study. Of these, 77% understood that the best time to start FA supplementation was before pregnancy. However, 23% of these patients took FA preconceptionally. Most of the patients referred to have received information about FA from a health care professional. Nevertheless, many patients could not identify all of FA benefits. CONCLUSION: Although most of our patients are aware of the adequate time for FA supplementation, the majority begin intake once pregnancy is discovered. However, even though the awareness is present, the knowledge received from health care professional is not enough. Most women remain unclear about the benefits of FA supplementation.