Abstract
Components of essential newborn care (ENC) and neonatal resuscitation are proven interventions for reducing neonatal mortality rate and stillbirth rates. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 354 rural mothers to assess the level of knowledge and practice of ENC. The study was conducted from 1st January to 31st December 2019 in Panchagarh district. Rural mothers were interviewed with a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire and an observational check list was also used. This study revealed that, majority of the respondents 306 (86.4%) knew that baby should be kept warmth by wrapping with dry cloth and 39(11.0%) respondents should be kept in skin to skin contact immediately after delivery to maintain thermoregulation. From the total respondents 202 (57.1 %) knew that once should start breast feeding immediately after birth. Out of 354 respondents 344 (97.2%) gave colostrum to their baby. The study also finds that, 210 (59.3%) respondents had inadequate knowledge regarding essential new born care while 144 (40.7%) had adequate knowledge and 164 (46.3%) respondents had inadequate practice regarding essential new born care while 190 (53.7%) had adequate practice. Respondents who had inadequate knowledge had significantly more inadequate practice than others (p<0.001). Effective interventions can improve key newborn care practices, care-seeking and, in high mortality settings, reduce newborn mortality.
 Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 785-794
Highlights
The birth of the baby represents a sudden transition from the intrauterine life to the external environment
The National Neonatal Health Strategy and Guidelines for Bangladesh recommend a set of essential newborn care practices
This cross sectional study was carried out among 354 rural mothers to assess the level of knowledge and practice of Essential Newborn Care (ENC)
Summary
The birth of the baby represents a sudden transition from the intrauterine life to the external environment. The time immediately after the birth of the baby, is critical for newborn. Essential newborn care (ENC), defined as care provided soon after birth, is critical in improving neonatal survival (World Health Organization (WHO, 2014). ENC practices at or immediately after birth include newborns receiving hygienic cord care during delivery to prevent infection, adequate thermal protection after delivery via delayed bathing, immediate drying and wrapping and skin-to-skin contact to prevent hypothermia and immediate breastfeeding because of the many benefits including colostrum. Breast feeding is the most effective way to provide a baby with a caring environment and complete food. It meets the nutritional as well as emotional and psychological needs of the infant (Parul, 2007). Breast milk provides optimal nutrition and promotes the child’s growth and development (WHO, 2006)
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