Knowledge and Perceived Effects of Psychoactive Substances among Undergraduate Students of Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Abstract Background: The use of drugs and other psychoactive substances by students poses a significant risk to public health that affects multiple aspects of individuals’ lives, including health, social interactions, and the economy. As a result, this research seeks to evaluate the level of understanding and the perceived consequences of psychoactive substances among undergraduate students at Achievers University in Owo, Ondo state. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted between September 2022 and November 2022. A total of 351 students from different departments were selected using a multistage sampling technique. The researchers utilized a self-structured questionnaire that was validated to gather data that aligns with the objectives of the study. The acquired data were then codified and analyzed through descriptive and Chi-square tests set with a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS version 25. Results: Out of 351 individuals surveyed, a majority of 88.3% were aware of the existence of illegal drugs. Among them, 22.2% were found to be currently abusing such substances, whereas 20.5% acquired them from friends. Respondents reported abusing various substances, including alcohol (20.5%), tramadol (13.4%), coffee (11.4%), cigarettes (18.2%), stimulants (2.0%), marijuana (2.0%), and tobacco (16.8%). The use of psychoactive substances was found to have negative impacts on individuals, such as low self-esteem (47.9%), despair (27.1%), psychiatric disorders (17.1%), social isolation (17.9%), increased violence (23.4%), and an increased risk of overdose and suicide (11.4%). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between education level, religion, and knowledge of psychoactive substances (P ˂ 0.05). Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the misuse of psychoactive substances is prevalent among the surveyed population, with adverse effects on mental health, heightened risk of engaging in illegal activities, and increased likelihood of overdose and suicide fatalities. As a result, we recommend that the university and other religious organizations undertake a suitable drug education campaign.