Knowledge and attitudes on HIV/AIDS and HIV testing among basic school students in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana

Abstract

Knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV testing is essential towards reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS among students. However, there is a paucity of empirical studies regarding students’ knowledge and attitudes on HIV/AIDS and HIV testing in Ghana, a gap this qualitative study seeks to fill. Eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among 60 students from the various class levels at the Junior High Schools in Tamale Metropolis in the Northern Region of Ghana. Data were analyzed with the use of a content analytical framework and presented based on an a posteriori inductive reduction approach. The study revealed a good knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV testing among students. Although some study participants showed positive attitudes toward HIV-infected people, others, however, exhibited poor attitudes toward HIV-infected people. In addition, the study participants showed negative attitudes and feelings toward HIV testing and counseling. The study findings highlight the need to educate students about the friendly nature of HIV testing and counseling so as to demonstrate the utmost respect and care to people infected with HIV/AIDS in society. This effort will contribute immensely towards meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3, which seeks to ensure good health and well-being for all at all ages by 2030.