İKİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI’NDA SOVYETLER BİRLİĞİ’NDEN İRAN’A GÖÇ ETTİRİLEN POLONYALILAR

Abstract

One of the inevitable consequences of wars is undoubtedly migration. Migrations caused by wars usually take place in the form of movement of people living in endangered areas from the geography where they live individually or collectively to safer areas to protect their life safety. Even though migration is due to compulsory reasons, immigrants act according to their own will. However, some of the migrations that took place during the Second World War took place against the will of the immigrants. For example; It was not their choice to exile the Poles to the Soviet Union and from there to Iran. This migration began when the Red Army deported the people of eastern Poland to regions of the Soviet Union such as Siberia, the Urals, Kazakhstan along with the Polish soldiers who had captured, and took place in the context of changing political and military conditions when Germany attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941. Germany's attack on the Soviet Union had offered the Polish Government the opportunity to save its country and its people in exile. Through the mediation of the British, the Soviet Union and Poland left their disagreements behind and united against Germany, which they considered as a common enemy. This alliance changed the difficult life of the exiled Poles in the Soviet Union, and the Polish Government, by agreeing with the Soviet Union, succeeded in sending its exiled people to Iran.
 In this study; The transfer of Polish refugees from the Soviet Union to Iran, the cities where they were settled, their socio-cultural activities, their jobs and lives, and their positive and negative effects on Iran will be discussed.