Abstract
A klystron-like gyro-amplifier based on the excitation of a wave propagating across a spatially developed (in the transverse direction) electron beam is described within the simplest 2-D model. Such a configuration is attractive as a way of implementation of a short-wavelength source with a relatively high level of output power and with the possibility of quasicontinuous frequency tuning. We study the peculiarities of the 2-D process (developing in both the axial and transverse directions) of electron bunching and “free” wave emission from the electron beam in the open drift space, as well as the excitation of the output cavity used to provide formation of a compact and powerful output wave signal. The main problem of this 2-D process is that different fractions of the electron beam (located at different points of its cross-section) move in different wave fields. In addition, excitation of the parasitic wave propagating in the opposite direction relative to the operating wave is possible. However, we show that it is possible to organize effective electron–wave energy exchange for almost all fractions of the electron beam.
Highlights
Selective operation at higher cyclotron harmonics is possible [5]. The advance of such masers to either higher frequencies or higher levels of the output power aggravates the problem of mode competition inside the operating electrodynamic system
Schemes that ensure relatively wide-band frequency tuning, the presence of an extended and oversized electrodynamic system entails the risk of excitation of parasitic near-cutoff modes with high diffraction Q-factors [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]
We study the cyclotron interaction of a wide electron beam with a wave propagating in vacuum across the direction of the translational motion of electrons
Summary
Electron cyclotron masers (including gyrotrons) are the most powerful sources of coherent radiation at sub-terahertz frequencies [1,2,3,4,5]. Problem of parasitic oscillations can be avoided by using klystron-type amplifiers with short high-Q operating cavities and a long region of the passive drift of the particles (with no interaction with the wave) [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] In such a scheme of the gyro-amplifier, there are serious limitations imposed on the frequency tuning band, despite the use of low operating modes even in relatively short-wave devices [22,23].
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