Klimaschutz aus völkerrechtlicher Sicht unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der zivilen Luftfahrt

Abstract

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 1992 is the first treaty under international law aimed at stabilizing GHG concentrations and preventing a human-induced disruption of the climate system. Due to the inadequate schedule of duties of the UNFCCC, the international community decided in 1997 to adopt the Kyoto Protocol, which will officially expire in 2020. In order to have a climate rule beyond and for the period after the Kyoto Protocol, the international community passed the Paris Agreement in December 2015 after a negotiation process lasting several years. The Paris Agreement came into force prematurely. It is a legally binding international agreement plus accompanying decisions on the technical implementation of the UNFCCC. The Paris Agreement has secured a total package of long-term goals and it marks the beginning of a new form of global collaboration and the beginning of a technical implementation process. The Paris Agreement contains concrete references at 2 °C and 1.5 °C and is comprehensive for the first time, since all contracting states are obliged to protect the climate. A first Talanoa dialogue on climate protection measures took place in 2018 in Bonn. Launched in 2016 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), which will enter into force in 2021, is a global market-based mechanism for international aviation under international law and serves to support the goals of the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement.