Abstract
Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae) can synthesize beta lactamase enzymes that have the ability to open lactam beta rings and cause resistance to antibiotics such as amoxicillin, third generation cephalosporins namely cefotaxim, ceftazidim, ceftriaxone and monobactam groups such as aztreonam. Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) is a plasmid enzyme that mediates the occurrence of hydrolysis and inactivation of beta lactam antibiotics. Infections caused by ESBL-producing bacteria become a serious problem for hospitals worldwide. ESBL isolate susceptibility tests against antibiotics are required to provide a sensitivity pattern that can be used as a reference in more rational antibiotic selection. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence of ESBL group K. pneumoniae and antibiotic resistance pattern at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin. The method of this research used secondary data material in the form of reporting document of antibiotic sensitivity test result that isolation and identification using VITEK 2, and then be analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The culture examination toward 50 patients in the Dahlia ward, Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin was taken from January until May 2017, with the results arefrom 24 data Staphylococius aureus (S.aureus) isolate, more than half of it are ESBL group (54.16%). The results of sensitivity test of K.Pneumoniae of ESBLpositive to antibiotic group were found to be antibiotics that still have> 90% sensitive were meropenem (100%), amikacin (100%), tigecycline (92,85%), ertapenem (92,86%). The antibiotics with resistance> 50% was found in ampicillin antibiotics (100%), ceftriaxone (78.5%), ceftazidime (64.28%), cefepime (57.14%) and aztreonam (71.4%). As for ESBL negative results obtained sensitive> 90% for all antibiotics except ampicillin, ampicillin / sulbactam, and nitrofurantoin. Meropenem (100%), amikacin (100%), tigecycline (92.85%), ertapenem (92.86%) are antibiotic choices that are still sensitive to ESBL infection Keywords: antibiotic resistance, ESBL pattern, Vitek 2
Highlights
Antibiotics have been used for a long time to treat infectious diseases, but lately they tend to be excessive and irrational, resulting in an increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance in initially sensitive bacteria
Results of Antimicrobial Resistant research in Indonesia (Amrin) 2000-2005 proved that the problem of antibiotic resistance occurs in Indonesia.1.2
Amrin research results found that the incidence of extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) in Indonesia is quite high at 36% in Klebsiella pneumonia and 29% in E.coli.3.4
Summary
Antibiotics have been used for a long time to treat infectious diseases, but lately they tend to be excessive and irrational, resulting in an increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance in initially sensitive bacteria. Amrin research results found that the incidence of ESBL in Indonesia is quite high at 36% in Klebsiella pneumonia and 29% in E.coli.3.4. Klebsiella pneumoniae can synthesize beta-lactamase enzymes which have the ability to open the beta-lactam ring and cause resistance to antibiotics such as amoxicillin, which is a third generation cephalosporin cefotaxime, ceftazidim, ceftriaxone and groups such as the monobactam aztreonam. Research Irawan et al 4 found that the type of ESBL-producing bacteria that cause sepsis was highest K. pneumoniae (52.08%). The study would examine the prevalence of species description ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and resistance patterns antibiotic Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin.[6]. Secondary data obtained from Clinical Pathology Laboratory of tropical infection infectious subunit is patient identity, specimen type, treatment room, ESBL result, and antibiotic susceptibility test result. Microsoft Excel and the results will be displayed in table form
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