Kinship of katokkon chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) in Tana Toraja and North Toraja Regencies

Abstract

Katokkon chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) is one of the chili varieties in the districts of Tana Toraja and North Toraja which has a diversity of shapes in terms of morphology. This study aimed to identify morphological and cytological diversities and to determine kinship of several accessions of katokkon chili. The study used a survey method in which location determination and sampling were done by purposive sampling. The characters observed were plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, number of flowers per node, fruit length, fruit width, thickness of fruit flesh, fruit stalk length, and number of seeds per fruit. The survey results identified a total of 30 accessions of katokkon chilies consisted of 16 accessions from Tana Toraja Regency and 14 accessions from North Toraja Regency. Morphological analysis results using dendrogram show that the 30 accessions of chili katokkon obtained still had a high kinship with varying fruit shapes and leaf colors. At 96.70% similarity level, two groups were determined (group I consisted of 23 accessions and group II consisted of 7 accessions). Based on the observed characters, at 56.53% similarity, the accession can be categorized into two groups, namely group I (plant height, leaf length, petiole length, and leaf width) and group II (fruit length, fruit stalk length, fruit diameter, number of seeds per fruit and fruit thickness).