Abstract
The personality of King David since the days of his reign has always been attracting the historians' and writers’ attention. Since the discovery of the Tel Dan inscription in 1993 there is little doubt about his physical existence. Nevertheless, while some scholars continue to consider him as a founder of the Empire (i.e. a united monarchy with the city of Jerusalem as its capital), some others still believe him to be an epic hero if not completely a folklore personage. The article deals with the information regarding King David as the first monarch of all Israelite tribes and his son King Solomon as his immediate successor on the throne. A comparison of the Biblical text with the archaeological data offers a conclusion that the phenomenon of the unified monarchy at that time was hardly identical to what was considered a unified monarchy in the 19th cent. Notwithstanding this fact, the personality of King David seems to be more realistic than that of King Solomon. In fact the description of the latter lacks exact and realistic features thus making this narrative a typical “golden age” saga of the bygone times.
Highlights
A comparison of the Biblical text with the archaeological data offers a conclusion that the phenomenon of the unified monarchy at that time was hardly identical to what was considered a unified monarchy in the 19th cent
В двух предыдущих статьях серии [1; 2] речь шла о реконструкции ранней истории Древнего Израиля, возникающих при этом проблемах и возможных путях их решения
Информация об автореДесницкий Андрей Сергеевич, доктор филологических наук, профессор РАН, Институт востоковедения РАН, Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы Российской Федерации, г
Summary
Резюме: фигура царя Давида неизменно была в центре внимания, собственно, со времен жизни его самого (если считать царя Давида реальным историческим персонажем, в чем после находки надписи из Тель-Дана не приходится сомневаться). A comparison of the Biblical text with the archaeological data offers a conclusion that the phenomenon of the unified monarchy at that time was hardly identical to what was considered a unified monarchy in the 19th cent. Notwithstanding this fact, the personality of King David seems to be more realistic than that of King Solomon. Но одним из главнейших вопросов в исследованиях истории Древнего Израиля был и остается вопрос об историчности библейских рассказов о единой монархии Давида и Соломона. Но в ней описывается военная кампания Хазаэля, арамейского царя Дамаска, в ходе которой он разбил царя Израиля и его союзника, царя из дома Давида (bytdwd). Прочтение надписи представляет некоторые трудности, но, по всей видимости, в ней упомянуты Йорам израильский и Ахазия иудейский – оба персонажа хорошо известны из библейских текстов
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