Kinetics of very–low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100 in normolipidemic subjects: Pooled analysis of stable-isotope studies

Abstract

To further explore the physiology of very–low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB), we performed a pooled analysis of 21 reports based on the intravenous administration of stable isotope-labeled amino acids in a total of 154 healthy normolipidemic subjects. Prandial status was the most significant independent predictor (P < .001) of the hepatic secretion of apoB, which was higher in the fed state compared with the fasted state (1,819 ± 188 v 1,046 ± 61 mg/d, P < .001). In the fed state, apoB secretion increased with age (P = .003) and tended to be higher in men compared with women (P = .0065). The fractional catabolism of VLDL apoB decreased with weight (P = .0038) and was lower in men versus women (8.38 ± 0.55 v 12.59 ± 1.65 pools/d, P = .007), as well as patients that were carriers of the E4 allele compared with those who were not carriers of this allele (5.52 ± 0.49 v 9.58 ± 0.87 pools/d, P < .001). The VLDL apoB concentration in both the fed and fasted states was dependent on both the rate of hepatic production and fractional clearance of apoB. Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations in the fasted state were principally determined by the fractional catabolism of VLDL apoB (P < .005). These findings suggest that under physiologic conditions in healthy individuals, the transport of VLDL apoB in plasma is predominantly determined by age, sex, body weight, apoE genotype, and prandial status.