Abstract
The kinetics of the catlytic vapor-phase ammoxidation of toluene over a chromium oxide catalyst have been studied in a flow system at atmospheric pressure. The reaction consists of the oxidation of toluene and the ammoxidation of formed benzaldehyde. The rate of ammoxidation of toluene is expressed as k[PhCH 3] 0·45 [O 2] 0·45 and independent of concentrations of ammonia and products. The rate of ammoxidation of benzaldehyde is equal to that of ammonolysis of benzaldehyde, and is expressed as k[PhCHO] 0·47–0·53 [NH 3] 0·42–0·44 which is independent of oxygen and products, but the formation of benzonitrile is dependent on oxygen. The apparent activation energies for ammoxidations of toluene and benzaldehyde are ca. 23 and ca. 11 kcal/mole, respectively. These results suggest a main pathway involving benzaldehyde and benzylidenimine for the ammoxidation. The rate equations are interpreted in terms of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism.
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