Abstract
The manifold enhancement of the rhodium extraction efficiency from nitric acid solutions of triaquatrinitrorhodium is discovered with the use of two-component mixed extractants based on alkylaniline (AA), dihexyl sulfide (DHS), dihexyl sulfoxide (DHSO), tributyl phosphate (TBP), and oxime ACORGA P5100. A mixture of unimolar solutions of alkylanilinium nitrate and DHS is found to be the most efficient extractant: at 35°C, this mixture quantitatively extracts rhodium within 5 min from aqueous solutions containing 0.06 to 3 mol/L HNO3. The extraction kinetics are studied. The following two-stage extraction mechanism is substantiated: the equilibrium of formation of a colloidal-chemical intermediate involving [Rh(H2O)3(NO2)3], HNO3, and (BHNO3)p (an associated form of the alkylanilinium salt) and the reaction of the intermediate with DHS (the rate-controlling stage).
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