Abstract
Unrefined vegetable oils and fats contain free fatty acids and they ought to be minimized for use in food and non-food applications. Traditional deacidification of vegetable oils and fats adopts alkali neutralization for the removal of free fatty acids. Here, a simple method for the removal of free fatty acids from jatropha oil by reactive extraction using monoethanolamine in methanol is proposed. Reactive extraction kinetic studies with initial free fatty acids concentration (0.1–0.5 kmol/m3) using monoethanolamine (0.4141–1.6568 kmol/m3) in methanol at 30 °C was performed and investigated. Parameters like distribution coefficient, equilibrium complexation constant for free fatty acids extraction were obtained to arrive at equilibrium and kinetic conclusions. Most importantly, the criteria for reaction regime was established through Hatta number. The study revealed that reactive extraction of free fatty acids using monoethanolamine in methanol falls under reaction regime 2. The study demonstrated that reactive extraction was highly successful in reduction of the free fatty acids in jatropha oil. Further biodiesel was prepared using the deacidified oil and the specifications obtained were well within the standard ASTM limits.
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