Kinetics of precessing ball solitons in ferromagnets at the first-order transition

Abstract

The fundamentals of precessing ball solitons (PBS) arising as a result of the energy fluctuations at the first-order phase transition induced by a magnetic field in ferromagnets with uniaxial anisotropy are presented. When the external magnetic field is anti-parallel to the magnetization direction of the crystal, PBS states are possible in a wide range of amplitudes and energies, including the positive and negative energies relative to an initial condition. PBS are born with the greatest probability at near-zero energy, i.e. near the bifurcation point. Evolution of the PBS, at which they transform into macroscopic domains of a new magnetic phase or into a quasi-equilibrium solitonic state, is analysed.