Abstract
Domestic wastewater from office building has not been maintained well especially in the areas where the sewerage system is unavailable. The aims of this research were to investigate the performance and kinetics of nutrient removal in an on-site domestic wastewater treatment facility which consists of anaerobic and aerobic systems for treating wastewater from office building. The experimental data obtained from the variations of COD:N:P ratio 250:28:2.5, 350:38:2.9, 450:47:3.3, and 600:60:3.7 with three different HRT 48h, 24h, and 12h. A One-way ANOVA was performed to investigate the effects of HRT and initial concentration of TN and TP on the performance of nutrient removal. In order to obtain the kinetic coefficients, First Order, Second Order and Stover-Kincannon Models were employed. The results showed that maximum TN and TP removal efficiency were 56% and 86%, respectively. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that HRT and initial concentration of TN and TP gave the significant effects on nutrient removal (p < 0.05). Second Order and Stover-Kincannon Models were found to be more appropriate models for prediction of TN removal in this facility. Controlling HRT and C: N: P ratio may keep good performance of nutrient removal in this facility.
Highlights
Environmental destruction is becoming on a global scale, and people are showing a dramatic rise in concern for environmental protection
In order to identify the effect of HRT on the performance of TN removal in facility, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to three principle components of HRT values
All of the variations gave the significant effect of HRT, initial TN and TP concentration on the performance of nutrient removal
Summary
Environmental destruction is becoming on a global scale, and people are showing a dramatic rise in concern for environmental protection. As can be seen clearly, most of the developing countries including Indonesia are having a problem of water pollution due to an insufficient amount of wastewater treatment plant or sewerage system to treat wastewater. As a result, untreated domestic wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus is discharging into the environment without purifying action which will accelerate the water pollution such as eutrophication potential. An on-site wastewater treatment facility is one of the preferable alternative technologies to treat nitrogen and phosphorus from domestic wastewater in low-density communities. The treatment facility is introduced by USEPA in 1997 for decentralizing domestic wastewater treatment facilities where the sewerage system is unavailable. In Japan, Johkasou has been known as an advanced domestic wastewater treatment tank which has been widely used as a decentralized wastewater treatment system and it still continues to expand into other countries [1, 2]
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