Abstract
Guangzhou is believed to be the most important epicenter of dengue outbreaks in southern China. In this study, a longitudinal serological investigation of previous cases of dengue fever in Guangzhou was conducted to explore the persistence of IgG antibodies and related factors affecting the changes of antibody level. We recruited 70 dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) primary infection cases at two years post infection for serological investigation and conducted a second follow-up in the 5th year of prognosis. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for DENV IgG antibody was examined in all study subjects. Potential factors associated with the concentration of serum total IgG antibody were determined by the generalized estimation equation (GEE). No significant difference in serum total IgG antibody positive rate between two follow-ups was observed (χ2 = 3.066, p = 0.080). However, there was a significant difference in the concentration of serum total IgG antibody between the two follow-ups (Z = 7.154, p < 0.001). The GEE showed that the antibody level in the five-year prognosis was mainly affected by the antibody level in the two-year prognosis (OR: 1.007, 95%CI: 1.005–1.009). In conclusion, the serum IgG antibodies of previous dengue fever cases can persist for a long time.
Highlights
A total of 70 dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) patients with primary infection who had a prognosis of two years were selected, including 21 cases in 2013 and 49 cases in 2014
IgG antibody positive rate between the two follow-ups was not statistically significant, indicating that the serum IgG antibody positive rate was relatively stable after dengue virus (DENV) infection and would not decrease significantly over time
Despite the above limitations in our research, we have confirmed that the serum IgG antibody positive rate was relatively stable after DENV infection and would not decrease significantly over time
Summary
A mosquito-borne acute febrile viral disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV), has become one of the most severe infectious diseases with a steady rise in incidence globally [1].Dengue is a major global public health issue affecting more than 100 countries or regions in the world, with 96 million of approximately 390 million infections developing symptomatic infections annually [2].Following DENV infection, humans develop a mild to a severe clinical syndrome, with most patients presenting a flu-like self-limited disease, and a small number of patients developing severe dengue fever, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) [3].In recent years, with the rise in the frequency of trade and tourism between China and other dengue-endemic countries, imported cases have increased significantly, thereby leading to more severe dengue outbreaks [4,5,6]. A mosquito-borne acute febrile viral disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV), has become one of the most severe infectious diseases with a steady rise in incidence globally [1]. Dengue is a major global public health issue affecting more than 100 countries or regions in the world, with 96 million of approximately 390 million infections developing symptomatic infections annually [2]. With the rise in the frequency of trade and tourism between China and other dengue-endemic countries, imported cases have increased significantly, thereby leading to more severe dengue outbreaks [4,5,6]. Guangzhou has always been considered the critical epicenter of dengue fever in Guangdong Province and even in the whole country [7].
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