Abstract
Adsorption is potentially an attractive technique for the treatment of wastewater containing dyes. In the present work, spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (SFCC), a petroleum refinery waste was explored as a novel adsorbent and report its adsorption capability for the first time in the literature. Batch adsorption studies were carried out to remove methylene blue (MB) dye using SFCC. The equilibrium data was modeled using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models. Also, the van’t Hoff equation was used to obtain the thermodynamic contributions of the process. Results show that the plot of intraparticle diffusion model (considering only film diffusion) has less R2 value (0.887); it seems that the plot is nonlinear. Hence, the data points were represented by a double linear set of equations (lines) considering both pore & film diffusion. In the first straight line, the sudden increase in slope signifies that the dye molecules were transported to the external surface of the adsorbent through film diffusion. The second straight line signifies that the dye molecules diffused through the pores. The portion which does not pass through the origin indicates that the pore diffusion is the only rate-determining step for the transport of MB onto SFCC.
Highlights
Dyes can be removed from wastewater using physical, chemical, and biological means[1,2]
In the Present work, spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (SFCC) was utilized as an adsorbent for removing methylene blue from its modeled aqueous solution
Analytical reagents like methylene blue, NaOH, HCl were obtained from Indica scientific, Visakhapatnam and SFCC as a gift sample was obtained from HPCL refinery, Visakhapatnam, India
Summary
Dyes can be removed from wastewater using physical, chemical, and biological means[1,2]. Many conventional or nonconventional processes, such as biological, physicochemical, filtration treatment or advanced oxidation process (AOP) were tested for dyes degradation They are energy intensive, costly and generates carcinogenic byproducts. Dyes are used frequently for many industrial applications such as dyeing of fabrics in the textile industry, as food additives in relatively minute quantities in food industries, as foam additives in the leather industry, coloring agents in the plastic industry, cosmetics, and colored paper-making in the paper industry and as coloring compounds in printing. During these applications, a lot of unused dyes are discharged as effluents. Various kinetic models (pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich & intraparticle diffusion) along with thermodynamic contributions as per Van’t Hoff equation were applied to find the nature of adsorption process
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