Abstract
Isoamylene alcohols (3-methyl-3-butene-3-ol, I; 3-methyl-1-butene-3-ol, II) in aqueous acid solutions (H 2SO 4, HClO 4) were subjected to reducible isomerization, hydration to 3-methyl-butane-l, 3-diol (III) and dehydration to isopropene (C 5H 8). The kinetics and mechanism of these reactions were studied in detail [1, 2]. The unsaturated alcohols I and II and glycol III in acid solutions containing formaldehyde (CH 20) are known to react with CH 20 to form multiple condensation products [3, 4]. We studied the kinetics of isopropene hydration (reaction 1) to an equilibrium mixture of alcohols I and II, the hydration of alcohols I and II (2), and the condensation of com pounds I, II, III with CH 2O (3) in various solutions of sulphuric and chloric acids, varying the content of CH 20 from 0 to 1.0 mole/l at 25 and 40 °C [5]. The observed rate constants of reactions (1), (2), (3) were found to depend on the acid concentration and at the given medium acidity on CH 20 concentration in the system. The reaction mechanisms are discussed in terms of the kinetic regularities obtained. The catalytic activity of formaldehyde is controlled by the medium acidity (h o) and the concentration of nucleophiles (HSO − 4, ClO − 4).
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