Abstract
The three Gemini (m-s-m; m (head group) = 16 and s (spacer) = 4, 5, 6) surfactants have been synthesized and their impact on reaction of zinc(II)-glycylleucine complex ([Zn(II)-Gly-Leu]+) and ninhydrin were studied at temperature (343 K) and pH (5.0) using spectroscopic method. Influence of several factors, viz., [Zn(II)-Gly-Leu]+, [ninhydrin], temperature and pH were also carried out on title reaction in geminis. Rates of reaction are the first-order path in concentration of [Zn(II)-Gly-Leu]+ complex and fractional order path in concentration of ninhydrin. The catalysis of gemini 16-s-16 surfactant micelles was investigated below and above their critical micelle concentration (cmc) value and detailed elaboration were provided in the text. In the present case, rate constants, kψ, increased on increasing geminis ([gemini] are below their cmc, region I) and stayed nearly constant (region II). The shape of (region I and II) surfactants ([gemini] = 0 to 400 × 10−5 mol dm−3) are similar to a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB (single hydrophilic head group and hydrophobic part). Later, a sharp increment in rate was observed with higher [gemini] (region III, (Fig. 5). The study was catalyzed and accelerated quite enough by geminis (at concentrations below their cmc) compared to aqueous. An appropriate mechanism has been proposed for accounting for the distribution of reactants between aqueous and micellar pseudo phases. Resulting kinetic data were used to determine the binding constants of micelle-substrate (KB) and micelle-ninhydrin (KNin).
Highlights
Micellar study on the reaction rate is a key phenomenon for researchers and scientists due to analogies between their reaction with biological activities[1,2]
The study deals with the synthesis and characterization of gemini surfactants and their influence on the kinetic behavior of ninhydrin with zinc-glycylleucine
The reason for choosing this particular study is the mechanism of ninhydrin with amino acids reaction in water, conventional surfactants (CTAB, cetylpyridinium bromide, CPB) and the various solvent medium is well recognized[24,25,26,27,28,29,30,59]
Summary
Micellar study on the reaction rate is a key phenomenon for researchers and scientists due to analogies between their reaction with biological activities[1,2]. Reaction rates were influenced by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. It depends upon the extent of incorporation/association between substrate and surfactant aggregates[3,4,5,6,7,8]. Geminis exhibit advanced aggregation features and unusual wetting power capacity[13,14,15]. Due to their distinctive quality, they are employed for several purposes, such as household things, cleaning, pharmacy, cosmetics, gene therapy, in micellar catalysis and so on[16,17,18,19,20,21]. The study needs to be developing more for advanced outcome[3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
